Examine one interaction between cognition and physiology in terms of behaviour. Evaluate two relevant studies

Examine one interaction between cognition and physiology in terms of behaviour. Evaluate two relevant studies. (22)

Examine (22) – Consider an argument or concept in a way that uncovers the assumptions and interrelationships of the issue.
Evaluate (22) – An appraisal by weighing up the strengths and limitations.

Cognition: Memory
Physiology in terms of behaviour: Amnesia due to brain damage
Interactions: Retrieval and encoding of memory

The case study of Clive Wearing (Brain damage)
Description	Suffered damage in Hippocampus due to a contraction of a virus. His disease left him with extensive brain damage (parts of his temporal lobes). Suffers from Retrograde and Anterograde amnesia. MRI scanning show damage to the hippocampus and some of frontal regions. Episodic memory and some of his semantic memory are lost. He can still play piano, conduct music and remember his wife. He still has his implicit memory including his emotional memory for his wife.
[E]	Ecological validity: High, study of a real life case. Low potential ability to generalise because cases are individual. Ethics: Patient’s name was disclosed under consent.

The case study of Clive Wearing (Brain damage)

Description

Suffered damage in Hippocampus due to a contraction of a virus.
His disease left him with extensive brain damage (parts of his temporal lobes).
Suffers from Retrograde and Anterograde amnesia.
MRI scanning show damage to the hippocampus and some of frontal regions.
Episodic memory and some of his semantic memory are lost.
He can still play piano, conduct music and remember his wife.
He still has his implicit memory including his emotional memory for his wife.

[E]

Ecological validity: High, study of a real life case.
Low potential ability to generalise because cases are individual.
Ethics: Patient’s name was disclosed under consent.

Milner and Scoville- The Case Study of HM
Description	HM suffered from epilepsy. Went through lesioning to remove temporal lobe. Surgeon accidentally removed parts of the Hippocampus (responsible for LTM retrieval). Caused anterograde and retrograde amnesia. Retrograde amnesia only affected memory up to 11 years before surgery. He can remember things 12 years before the accident. Discovered that the cortex and hippocampus is connected and years in first grade would not be fully consolidated until first year in sophomore. Emotional memory was intact, at the mention of the death of his favourite uncle, he experienced distress.
[E]	Ecological validity: High, study of a real life case. Low potential ability to generalise because cases are individual. Ethics: Patient’s name was kept confidential until he died.

Milner and Scoville- The Case Study of HM

Description

HM suffered from epilepsy.
Went through lesioning to remove temporal lobe.
Surgeon accidentally removed parts of the Hippocampus (responsible for LTM retrieval).
Caused anterograde and retrograde amnesia.
Retrograde amnesia only affected memory up to 11 years before surgery.
He can remember things 12 years before the accident.
Discovered that the cortex and hippocampus is connected and years in first grade would not be fully consolidated until first year in sophomore.
Emotional memory was intact, at the mention of the death of his favourite uncle, he experienced distress.

[E]

Ecological validity: High, study of a real life case.
Low potential ability to generalise because cases are individual.
Ethics: Patient’s name was kept confidential until he died.